Đổi: 24kg = 24000g

24kg than đá có chứa 0,5% tạp chất lưu huỳnh và 1,5% tạp chất khác không cháy được

⇒ nS = 120 / 32 = 3,75 mol

PT: \(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\) (1)

\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}SO_2\) (2)

Ta có: m_S = 24.0,5% = 0,12 (kg) = 120 (g) ⇒ n_S = 120/32 = 3,75 (mol)

Theo PT (2): \(n_{SO_2}=n_S=3,75\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=3,75.22,4=84\left(l\right)\)

Ta có: m_C = 24 - 0,12 - 24.1,5% = 23,52 (kg) = 23520 (g)

\(\Rightarrow n_C=\dfrac{23520}{12}=1960\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT (1): \(n_{CO_2}=n_C=1960\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=1960.22,4=43904\left(l\right)\)

\(m_S=0,5\%.24=0,12\left(kg\right)=120\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_S=\dfrac{120}{32}=3,75\left(mol\right)\\ m_C=1,5\%.24=0,36\left(kg\right)=360\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_C=\dfrac{360}{12}=30\left(mol\right)\\ S+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)SO_2\\ C+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2\\ n_{SO_2}=n_S=3,75\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{SO_2\left(đktc\right)}=3,75.22,4=84\left(l\right)\\ n_{CO_2}=n_C=30\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{CO_2\left(đktc\right)}=22,4.30=672\left(l\right)\)

(Chắc đề là 1,5% C)

24kg = 24000g

\(m_S=24000.0,5\%=120\left(g\right)\\ n_S=\dfrac{120}{32}=3,75\left(mol\right)\\ \%C=100\%-0,5\%-1,5\%=98\%\\ m_C=24000.98\%=23520\left(g\right)\\ n_C=\dfrac{23520}{12}=1960\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

      S + O₂ → (t^o) SO₂

3,75     3,75          3,75

      C + O₂  → (t^o) CO₂

   1960  1960         1960

\(V_{SO_2}=22,4.3,75=84\left(l\right)\\ V_{CO_2}=22,4.1960=43904\left(l\right)\)

mS= 0,5% . 24=0,12(kg)=120(g)

->nS= 120/32=3,75(mol)

mC=(100% - 2%). 24=23,52(kg)=23520(g)

-> nC= 23520/12=1960(mol)

PTHH: S + O2 -to-> SO2

3,75______________3,75(mol)

C + O2 -to-> CO2 

1960______1960(mol)

=> V(SO2,đktc)=3,75 x 22,4=84(l)

V(CO2,đktc)= 1960 x 22,4= 43904(l)

Ta có: \(m_C=1,5.1000.90\%=1350\left(g\right)\)

\(n_C=\dfrac{1350}{12}=112,5\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=n_C=112,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=112,5.22,4=2520\left(l\right)\)

\(V_{kk}=V_{O_2}.5=12600\left(l\right)\)

0,5g = 0,0005 kg

\(m_C=36-0,0005-\left(36.1,5\%\right)=35,4595kg=35459,5g\)

\(n_C=\dfrac{35459,5}{12}=2954,95mol\)

\(n_S=\dfrac{0,5}{32}=0,015625mol\)

\(C+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2\)

2954,5            2954,5      ( mol )

\(S+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)SO_2\)

\(0,015625\)         \(0,015625\)         ( mol )

\(V_{CO_2}=2954,5.22,4=66180,8l\)

\(V_{SO_2}=\)\(0,015625.22,4=0,35l\)

$m_S = 24.0,5\% = 0,12(kg)$

$m_C = 24.(100\% - 0,5\% - 1,5\%) = 23,52(kg)$

$\Rightarrow n_S = 0,00375(kmol) = 3,75(mol)$

$n_C = 1,96(kmol) = 1960(mol)$

$C + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} CO_2$
$S + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} SO_2$

Theo PTHH : 

$n_{CO_2} = n_C = 1960(mol) ; n_{SO_2} = n_S = 3,75(mol)$

$\Rightarrow V_{CO_2} = 1960.22,4 = 43904(lít)$
$\Rightarrow V_{SO_2} = 3,75.22,4 = 84(lít)$

a. \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{27}{27}=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{40.8}{102}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH : 4Al + 3O₂ -----t^o---> 2Al₂O₃

              0,8     0,6                   0,4

Xét tỉ lệ : 1 > 0,4 => Al dư , Al₂O₃ đủ

\(m_{Al}=0,8.27=21,6\left(g\right)\)

b. \(m_{tạp.chất}=27-21,6=5,4\left(g\right)\)

\(\%_{tạp.chất}=\dfrac{5.4}{27}.100\%=20\%\)